For Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) - Mild to moderate CAD is usually treated with medications and modifications of risk factors. Once CAD is determined to be significant, it may be treated using one, or a combination of the following techniques:

Medications:

• Ace Inhibitors
• Beta-blockers
• Calcium-channel blockers
• Nitrates

Interventional Procedures:

• Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery
• Coronary Rotablator
• Extraction Atherectomy
• Intravascular
• Laser Angioplasty
• Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA)
• Stents

For Valvular Heart Disease - Mild and moderate degrees of valvular heart disease are initially treated with medications to help control symptoms of heart failure, arrhythmia and hypertension. Surgical treatment for valvular disease is usually postponed until symptoms can no longer be adequately controlled with medications, and before irreversible heart muscle damage has occurred.

• Valvuloplasty
• Valvular Repair
• Valve Replacement

Septal Heart Defects

• The Septum

Peripheral Vascular Disease

• Peripheral Angioplasty